We work closely with engineers to build up an energy profile for each project which we benchmark continuously against regional benchmarks. The team will evaluate design options in terms of their impact on the total energy consumption of the building. Depending on the building type different end uses will be responsible for the bulk of energy consumption. In selecting the appropriate building services we take into account spatial and operating flexibility and zone spaces according to occupancy and likely requirement for building services to achieve comfort.
Key to this approach is empowering users to take control of their environments via local controls and smart meters wherever possible. Aside from efficient lighting systems and controls, substantial opportunities for energy use reduction could be obtained from mixed-mode systems, district cooling and heating with heat recovery, chilled ceilings or floors, as well as the selection of appropriate finishes. Ensuring correct energy metering is critical to achieve optimum operating conditions. In most low energy buildings the majority of carbon emissions are related to the use of electrical appliances or equipment. As part of design development we assess likely patterns of appliance use as well as special functions and operating hours and propose ways to optimise these.